First Aid Management -1

Bleeding and Wounds:
   To stop bleeding, firmly squeeze the sides of the wound together or apply pressure with the thumbs at the sides of the wound. Cleanse around and away from the wound, taking care not to disturb any blood clot. Apply and maintain pressure to bleeding part with dressing, cover with pad and bandage firmly. If bleeding is not controlled, apply more pads and increase pressure with the hand or additional bandages. Immobilize the injured part and treat for shock. 

Shock:

     Symptoms are pale,  cold skin, rapid pulse, shallow breathing, and weakness. Shock itself can be fatal, Reassure the patient and lay him down at absolute rest. Loosen any tight clothing, wrap in blanket or coat but DO NOT OVEREAT, apply artificial heat or rub. Shift the patient to the hospital without delay. 

Broken Bones: 

    Fractures should be moved as little as possible, Immobilize and support the injured part at once. Upper limbs may be gently secured  to the body in the most comfortable position. When a leg is fractured leave the patient lying in as comfortable position as possible and call a doctor or ambulance. if transport is essential the injured limb may be secured to the sound one. 

Fainting:
  Seat a person who feels fain. Fan face or sponge with cool water. Lower head to knees to encourage blood flow. If he faints lay him down, turn head to the side, and wave smelling salts or spirits of ammonia under the nose. if the faint lasts more than a few minutes, call a physician, if person regains consciousness, keep him quite and lying down for 15 minutes. 



Poison: 
    If patient is unconscious, do not attempt to treat except with artificial respiration, if needed. Conscious patients of corrosive poison (which destroy tissue, e.g. acids) should be given large quantities of milk to drink. With narcotics (e.g. sleeping pills) the patient should be made do vomit by touching the back of his throat or giving him two tablespoons of salt in a glass of warm water to drink.